GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
INTRODUCTION
Guidance means to guide, which means to direct or to lead, is concerned with the best development of the person. In broader sense, guidance is the assistance made available by qualified and trained persons to an individual of any age to help him to manage his own life activities, develop his own point of view, make his own decisions and carry on his own burdens. “In education our goal is guidance, our technique among others is counselling.”- has been aptly said by David. V.Tiedeman. counselling is said to be the core of the entire guidance programme. ‘counselling’ denotes, “giving of advice”. It is a wider procedure concerned with emotion as well as giving information. In everyday life, we find, counselling goes on at many levels – in a family setup, parents counsel their children, in society doctors counsel patients, lawyers clients, teachers students. In other words there is no limit to the problems on which counselling can be offered not to the type of persons who can render this help.
Counselling is one among the types of techniques used for guiding college and university students (guidance techniques)
1. Counselling – individual and group
2. Group guidance techniques
3. Clinical approach
GUIDANCE
The National Vocational Guidance Association (NVGA) defines “Guidance as the process of helping a person to develop and accept an integrated and adequate picture of himself and of his role in the world of work, to test and convert this concept against reality with satisfaction to himself and benefit to society
PURPOSES
Ø The principle purpose of guidance is to assist an individual.
Ø The primary purpose of guidance is to understand an individual and explore the requirement and problems for improvement of one`s personality.
Ø To collect the information about students to help them
Ø To develop better understanding of growth and development of the children and the
Ø To provide better environment to the students for learning.
Ø To provide motivation, orientation, counselling, vocational information, group guidance, job placement and other services.
AREAS OF GUIDANCE
1. PERSONAL
2. EDUCATIONAL
3. VOCATIONAL
4. EVALUATION
5. COUNSELLING
6. FOLLOW-UP
7. RESEARCH
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PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE
1. Individualism
2. Accept individual differences positively
3. Guidance is a continuous process
4. Understanding self
5. Guidance is based on mutual understanding
6. Guidance is for everyone.
7. Guidance is based on interrelations
8. Guidance should be well-organized.
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NEED OF GUIDANCE
The need for guidance is universal, as it is not confined to a few individual or a few countries . Guidance has been immemorial and will continue to be as long as human being exists.
1. Proper guidance dispels unnecessary and
futile things by developing the curriculum as per the students need and abilities.
2. By guidance, students are able to select the area of study or course best suited to them.
3. Guidance enable a person for adjustments to new situations.
4. Students get prepare for professional leadership by acquiring specialized skills.
5. Problems of delinquency and indiscipline are also solved by guidance.
6. Guidance also help in directing right personnel for right job & government sector.
7. Guidance can be required in every age for better living.
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COUNSELLING
I. Mere . M.Ohlsen (1977) writes : “counselling is an accepting, trusting and safe relationship in which clients learn to discuss openly what worries and upsets them, to define precise behaviour goals, to acquire the essential social skills, and to develop the courage and self-confidence to implement desired new behaviours”.
II. Hahn and Maclean (1955) define “counselling as a process which takes place in a one-to-one relationship between an individual beset by problems with which he cannot cope alone and a professional worker whose training and experience have qualified him to help others reach solutions to various types of personal difficulties”.
III. Blocker (1966) explains it as, “helping an individual became aware of himself and the ways in which he is reacting to the behavioural influences of his environment. It further helps him to establish some personal meaning for this behaviour and for further behaviour”.
PURPOSES OF COUNSELLING
Counselling is engaged in for the purpose of:
1. Assisting the individual in the interpretation of his personal data.
2. Helping the individual in the identification of his major problems-vocational, educational and personal.
3. Assisting the individual in the planning of possible solutions to the problems.
4. Helping the individual make a start towards carrying out his plans.
5. Providing assistance in necessary modifications of the plans.
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CONCLUSION
In broader sense, guidance is the assistance made available by qualified and trained persons to an individual of any age to help him to manage his own life activities, develop his own point of view, make his own decisions and carry on his own burdens.It has a wider scope and certain principles.Hence we can say that Guidance is very important in every field of life. It enables the person to establish a balance in the life.
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